Culture
Explainer
The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg: Its Monarchy and How the Country Is Governed
Luxembourg is the only sovereign grand duchy on Earth, a constitutional monarchy where the Grand Duke is head of state but governs almost nothing. The 2023 constitution clarified that he promulgates laws rather than approves them. In October 2025, Grand Duke Henri abdicated and his son became Grand Duke Guillaume V. Real power lies with the 60-member Chamber of Deputies and a government led by Prime Minister Luc Frieden.